On may 31, 2003 at a speech given just prior to the g8 summit president bush announced the establishment of the proliferation security initiative which would. The proliferation security initiative psi is a means to secure the political commitment of states, and promote their practical cooperation, to counter the transfer of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. The proliferation security initiative psi is a multinational response to the challenge posed by the threat of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd. Proliferation security initiative asiapacific exercise rotation joint.
Chinese perceptions on nuclear weapons, arms control and. Proliferation security initiative psi january 18, 2011 open pdf 176 kb the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. Proliferation security initiative psi national committee on north. The proliferation security initiative national institute of public policy. For information and documents on the psi see the newly created official web. Jan 16, 2008 proliferation security initiative psi summary the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting sh ipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and relate d materials. Proliferation security initiative psi january 16, 2008. Institute for public policy, the proliferation security initiative. India has endorsed the view that the existing nonproliferation order is insufficient and collective action involving efforts and resources of the international community is.
Security summits on efforts to prevent nuclear terrorism and has contributed to the last three additions of the arms control associations report cards assessing progress on nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament. An assessment 239 this is reflected in president bushs 7point agenda 14 of february 2004. Practical considerations for implementation of the draft protocol to the convention for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safety of maritime navigation sua. The proliferation security initiative psi is a usled proposal to establish a comprehensive enforcement mechanism which aims to restrict trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd and related materials in the air, on land and at sea. Within a year, the united states and spain were among eleven founding members of the proliferation security initiative psi, a joint effort to strengthen.
Nuclear non proliferation treaty npt 1970 to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further disarmament. The asiapacific region hosts key global trade routes and large transshipment hubs with a rapidly increasing volume of international trade and thus faces. Proliferation security initiative psi congressional research service summary the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. Sign counterproliferation shipboarding pact washington file 25 jul 2005. It aims to encourage and assist the interdiction of parts and materials for wmd programs nuclear, chemical and biological and their means of delivery eg. Psi is not a program housed in only one agency, but instead is a set of activities with participation by multiple u. Article in the chinese journal of international politics 91. Assessing progress on nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament updated report card 202016. Michal onderco michal onderco is assistant professor in department of public administration and sociology, erasmus university rotterdam. The initiative was announced by president bush on may 31, 2003.
Proliferation security initiative psi summary the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting sh ipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and relate d materials. This report assesses the perspectives of the five holdout nations and how to possibly gain their affiliation. On the 23 june 2006, participating states in the proliferation security initiative psi a usled multilateral partnership aimed at curbing the spread of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, delivery systems and related materials in the international environment met in the polish capital warsaw to discuss the state of the initiative three. Thus, these initiatives have forced industries involved in maritime trade to change their focus towards security. About the authors elizabeth philipp is the herbert scoville jr. Deemed foremost among president bushs efforts to stop wmd proliferation, psi appear s to be a new channel for interdiction cooperation outside of treaties and multilateral export control regimes. The proliferation security initiative challenges and. Examples of such measures include the nuclear suppliers group, proliferation security initiative, the iaea, additional protocol, nunnlugar cooperative threat reduction assistance programs, and u. Early evidence suggests that this idea has much merit and growth potential. Finally, psi will be examined with an eye toward the future first as to the expansion of psi itself into the air domain and psis part in the larger strategy of countering wmd proliferation. A legal and policy analysis philip johnson booz allen hamilton february 2010 the views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the defense threat reduction agency, the department of defense, or the united states government. Why is the proliferation security initiative a problematic. Since then, 16 nations have pledged their cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction.
Combat commands participation in the proliferation. On 31 may, the commonwealth of dominica became the 99 th state to endorse the psi. Launched by the president of the united states in 2003, u. Proliferation security initiative the proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort to stop the trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of concern. The proliferation security initiative psi builds on a history of international efforts to prevent the illicit spread of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction wmd, missile delivery systems, and related materials and technology. Bureau of public affairs washington, dc the proliferation security initiative psi, announced by president bush in krakow, poland on may 31, 2003, is a multinational response to the growing challenge posed by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials worldwide. The proliferation security initiative the proliferation security initiative psi is a global partnership of voluntary cooperation to interdict the transport of biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons, their delivery systems and related materials at sea, in the air or on land to and from actors of proliferation.
Valencias the proliferation security initiative in perspective, policy forum online 0641a. Proliferation security initiative psi unt digital library. Initiative psi as an innovative and effective approach to interdict the shipment. Countering proliferation by sea preventing and defeating terrorism at sea. Proliferation security initiative psi january 16, 2008 open pdf 109 kb the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. Her research focuses on the north korean nuclear and ballistic missile programs, and disarmament efforts at. The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern worldwide. Three years on richard bond key points the high level political meeting in warsaw, poland on 23 june 2006 was the first major gathering of states participating in the proliferation security initiative since june 2004 and. Rademaker, assistant secretary of state for arms control testimony before the house international relations committee, subcommittee on international terrorism and nonproliferation. He has subsequently reinforced this as the formal u. The proliferation security initiative psi builds on a history of international efforts to.
The proliferation security initiative nuclear files. Bush in may 2003 at a meeting in krakow, poland, the psi. Proliferation security initiative 2016 midlevel political. Security council psi proliferation security initiative ptbt partial testban treaty treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water sars severe acute respiratory syndrome salt i, ii, iii strategic arms limitation treaty sovietus sipri stockholm international peace research institute.
British american security information council nuclear files. National security adviser stephen hadley talked about proliferation challenges in the 21st century, and how the proliferation security initiative could help meet these challenges. Proliferation security initiative psi activity program, 5 mar 2015. Working paper the proliferation security initiative. Nonproliferation challenges facing the trump administration. The proliferation security initiative is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. States collective capability to deal with the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related goods. The proliferation security initiative psi has been called the greatest achievement. President bush unveiled the proliferation security initiative psi in krakow, poland, on may 31, 2003.
This report provides background information on the initiative, as well as a general overview and proposed changes and expansions to the initiative. The proliferation security initiative psi is now three years old. The proliferation security initiative psi is a means to secure the political. Jan 28, 2016 on january 27, the united states and 70 other partner states of the proliferation security initiative psi met in washington, dc to recognize the critical role the initiative has played in countering the spread of weapons of mass destruction wmd and to discuss how to make it stronger. The nuclear fuel cycle and the bush nonproliferation initiative pdf. Accord abbreviation year technical description geneva protocol 1925 prohibits the use of chemical and biological weapons in war. Permission is required from rand to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for. Bush formed the proliferation security initiative psi to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. President bush announced the proliferation security initiative psi on may 31, 2003. On 20 april 2006, apsnet published ron huiskens the proliferation security initiative.
Proliferation security initiative submarine launched ballistic missile strategic arms reduction treaty. The proliferation security initiative is an uncommon animal in the world of us policy highly praised by conservatives as the greatest achievement of the state department during the bush administration and commended by liberals as a necessary instrument in our attempt to halt the spread of. To address these weaknesses, the united states established the proliferation security. Introduction international law enforcement can work without any involvement from the u. The proliferation security initiative psi was formed by the us and other concerned nations, including australia and japan, in may 2003 to deter, detect and if necessary intercept at sea, on land or in the air shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems and related items. The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. Working paper the proliferation security initiative lessons for using nonbinding agreements emma belcher july 2011 this publication is a part of cfrs international institutions and global. Assessing progress on nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament. Cooperation between nations does not require a formal organizational structure or extensive. Proliferation security initiative psi activity program. Complementary efforts focussing on nuclear disarmament from a humanitarian perspective do not necessarily imply any downgrading or sabotage of the npt. Challenges and perceptions introduction during the cold war era, the primary threat to international peace and stability was clear a potential nuclear showdown between the two world powers. The proliferation security initiative psi is a cooperative effort to prevent or at least inhibit the spread of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to or from states or nonstate actors whose possession of such items would be a serious threat to global or regional security.
Customs and border protection cbp began its involvement. The proliferation security initiative is a global security initiative with promising potential. Evolution of the proliferation threat and response. Customs and border protection cbp began its involvement early in the initiative, when the psi. Wmd proliferation, psi appears to be a new channel for interdiction cooperation outside. India has endorsed the view that the existing non proliferation order is insufficient and collective action involving efforts and resources of the international community is. Why is the proliferation security initiative a problematic solution. About the proliferation security initiative united. This study provides a unique and timely examination of how the psi could be. The proliferation security initiative consists of 91 countries seeking to limit the spread of weapons of mass destruction between states or nonstate actors that would thereby pose a serious threat to global or regional security. About the proliferation security initiative united states department. The oeg plays an essential role in ensuring the effectiveness of the psi by.
The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons. Global non proliferation and counterterrorism brings together renowned scholars and policymakers to examine a wide range of new policyrelated questions arising from the resolutions impact on. Announced by president bush in may of 2003, this initiative builds on existing treaties. Military and security developments involving the peoples republic of china 2017, 61. The proliferation security initiative rand corporation.
The proliferation security initiative psi builds on a history of international efforts to prevent the illicit spread of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction wmd, missile delivery. Participating states could attempt to apply the psi to iran and north korea in three ways, by. The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort to stop the trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of concern. The proliferation security initiative psi is an informal network of states committed to preventing the trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. Beijing has chosen not to participate in psi, which aims to stop 8 chinas military strategy, 2015. The proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. Proliferation security initiative psi january 18, 2011. Kelsey has been quoted in numerous outlets, including the washington post, the new york times, foreign policy, afp, reuters. Sep 14, 2006 chinas proliferation to north korea and iran, and its role in addressing the nuclear and missile situations in both nations hearing before the u. The proliferation security initiative 743 security initiative psi.
The proliferation security initiative psi builds on a history of international efforts to prevent the illicit spread of nuclear, biological. Origins and evolution of the proliferation security initiative. National strategy to combat weapons of mass destruction in a strange coincidence, on the same day as the so san release, the bush ad. The proliferation security initiative psi bureau of nonproliferation washington, dc may 26, 2005 what is the proliferation security initiative. The proliferation security initiative council on foreign relations. Within the psi framework, 21 states form the operational experts group oeg. The trump administration inherits a global nuclear non proliferation regime that has been more effective and durable than many observers expected, but the regime may now be coming under stress. Discussion of the proliferation security initiative. Proliferation security initiative psi, however, already has resulted in interdicting a shipment of nuclear related equipment to libya. Order code rs21881 updated september 14, 2006 crs report for.
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